Tumours of the kidney, prostate, bladder and testes

Urological Services > Tumours of the kidney, prostate, bladder and testes

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Meet Our Doctor

Dr Amit Kundu

MBBS, MS, MCh-Urology, Urologist, Andrologist
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Understanding Urological Tumours

Tumours can develop in different parts of the urinary and male reproductive systems, including the kidneys, prostate, bladder, and testes. A tumour is an abnormal growth of cells that may be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). While not all tumours are cancer, any unusual growth should be properly evaluated to determine its nature and appropriate management.

Urological tumours can affect people of different ages, although some types are more common in older adults. Early diagnosis and timely treatment can help improve outcomes and reduce complications.

People living in Delhi, including areas such as Dwarka and Nagli, should be aware of the warning signs of urological tumours and seek medical attention if symptoms develop.

What Causes Urological Tumours?

The exact cause of many tumours is not always known. However, several factors may increase the risk of developing tumours in the kidney, prostate, bladder, or testes.

Common risk factors may include:

  • Increasing age
  • Family history of cancer
  • Smoking and tobacco use
  • Exposure to certain chemicals
  • Obesity
  • Long-term inflammation or infections
  • Hormonal and genetic factors
  • Previous history of cancer

Having one or more risk factors does not necessarily mean a person will develop a tumour, but awareness can help with early detection.

Kidney Tumours

What Are Kidney Tumours?

Kidney tumours occur when abnormal cells grow inside the kidney tissue. Some kidney tumours are benign, while others may be cancerous. Many kidney tumours are discovered incidentally during imaging tests performed for unrelated reasons.

Symptoms of Kidney Tumours

Some individuals may not experience symptoms in the early stages. When symptoms occur, they may include:

  • Blood in the urine
  • Pain in the side or lower back
  • A lump or swelling in the abdomen
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Fatigue
  • Persistent fever without infection

Diagnosis of Kidney Tumours

To evaluate a kidney tumour, healthcare providers may recommend:

  • Ultrasound
  • CT scan
  • MRI scan
  • Blood tests
  • Urine tests
  • Biopsy in selected cases

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the size, location, and nature of the tumour. Options may include:

  • Active surveillance
  • Partial kidney removal
  • Complete kidney removal
  • Minimally invasive procedures
  • Targeted therapies in specific cases

Prostate Tumours

What Is the Prostate?

The prostate is a small gland located below the bladder in men. It helps produce fluid that forms part of semen.

Signs of Prostate Tumours

Prostate tumours may not cause symptoms during the early stages. As the condition progresses, symptoms may include:

  • Frequent urination
  • Difficulty starting urination
  • Weak urine flow
  • Blood in the urine
  • Blood in semen
  • Pelvic discomfort
  • Pain in the lower back

These symptoms may also occur in non-cancerous prostate conditions, making proper evaluation important.

How Prostate Tumours Are Diagnosed

Diagnosis may involve:

  • Medical history and physical examination
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test
  • Digital rectal examination
  • MRI scan
  • Prostate biopsy

Treatment Approaches

Management depends on the stage and severity of the tumour and may include:

  • Active monitoring
  • Surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Hormone therapy
  • Other advanced treatment options when necessary

Bladder Tumours

Understanding Bladder Tumours

The bladder stores urine before it leaves the body. Tumours can develop within the bladder lining and may vary from non-invasive growths to more aggressive forms.

Symptoms of Bladder Tumours

Common symptoms include:

  • Blood in the urine
  • Frequent urination
  • Pain during urination
  • Urgency to urinate
  • Pelvic pain

Blood in the urine should never be ignored, even if it occurs only once.

Diagnostic Tests

Healthcare providers may recommend:

  • Urine analysis
  • Urine cytology
  • Ultrasound
  • CT scan
  • Cystoscopy
  • Biopsy

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the tumour type and stage and may include:

  • Endoscopic tumour removal
  • Intravesical therapy
  • Surgery
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy

Testicular Tumours

What Are Testicular Tumours?

Testicular tumours develop within the testes, which are responsible for sperm production and testosterone production. Testicular cancer is one of the more treatable forms of cancer when detected early.

Symptoms of Testicular Tumours

Symptoms may include:

  • A painless lump in the testicle
  • Swelling of the scrotum
  • Feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
  • Testicular discomfort
  • Changes in testicle size or shape

Any unusual lump or swelling should be assessed by a healthcare professional.

Diagnosis

Evaluation may include:

  • Physical examination
  • Scrotal ultrasound
  • Blood tumour markers
  • CT scan if required

Treatment

Treatment options may include:

  • Surgical removal of the affected testicle
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation therapy in selected cases
  • Ongoing surveillance after treatment

Importance of Early Detection

Many urological tumours can be treated more effectively when diagnosed at an early stage. Regular health check-ups and prompt evaluation of symptoms can help identify problems before they become more advanced.

Individuals should not ignore warning signs such as blood in urine, unexplained pain, urinary difficulties, or lumps in the testicles. Seeking medical advice early may help reduce the risk of complications.

Lifestyle Habits That Support Urological Health

While not all tumours can be prevented, healthy habits may support overall urinary and reproductive health:

  • Avoid smoking and tobacco products
  • Maintain a healthy body weight
  • Stay physically active
  • Drink adequate water
  • Follow a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables
  • Attend regular medical check-ups
  • Seek evaluation for persistent urinary symptoms

When to Seek Medical Attention

A healthcare evaluation is important if you experience:

  • Blood in urine
  • Difficulty urinating
  • Persistent pelvic or back pain
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • A lump in the testicle
  • Changes in urinary habits
  • Ongoing urinary discomfort

People across Delhi, including Dwarka, Nagli, and nearby areas, should seek medical assessment if these symptoms develop rather than waiting for them to resolve on their own.